Discover the Hidden Champion of the Ant World: Formica rufibarbis - The Endangered Warrior
 
Formica rufibarbis, or the Red-barred Ant, is a fascinating and rare species that’s not just a marvel of nature but also a species at the edge of survival in the UK. Endangered and listed on the Red List, this striking ant can now only be found in a few secretive, protected locations in the UK, sparking both awe and concern. Conservation efforts are underway to save this majestic species, but Formica rufibarbis still faces a variety of threats, including relentless enemies and habitat loss.
 
A Global Effort to Save an Icon
Because this species is now endangered in the UK, it is illegal to capture or keep native Formica species, including those on the EU Red List. But fear not! Our Formica rufibarbis queens come from a thriving population in Western Russia, where they continue to flourish. These resilient ants are safe, sustainable, and thriving in their natural habitat.
 
In the UK, however, the last known nests of Formica rufibarbis are in a protected heathland in Surrey, carefully guarded from curious onlookers and persistent invaders, such as the notorious Formica sanguinea—also known as the slavemaker ant.
 
A Struggle for Survival
Formica rufibarbis shares its world with the ever-persistent Formica sanguinea, a bully species known for hijacking other ants’ nests. But here's the twist—Formica rufibarbis is no pushover. These ants are well-equipped with the skills and ferocity to fend off invaders, making them true warriors of the ant world.
 
Their nests are typically found in open, sunny spaces—think riverbanks, grasslands, and heaths—and are often tucked under stones or logs. They prefer drier, warmer soils, but don’t worry—they can thrive even in environments that border forested areas. Their nests are minimalistic, with just a single entrance hole, and they’ll often claim territory right next to other species, including the formidable Formica rufa.
 
The Battle-Hardened Ants with a Heart of Gold
Despite their fierce reputation, Formica rufibarbis is an incredibly organized species, using teamwork to take down larger prey and share the spoils with their colony. Their aggressive nature isn't just for defense; it's their secret weapon for surviving in the cutthroat world of ants. They’ve been known to wage war on rival ant species, claiming food and territory wherever they roam.
Larger workers display a striking appearance—black heads and gasters contrasted with a vibrant red-orange thorax, making them easily identifiable. Despite being hard to spot, they’re an incredibly fascinating species to watch as they go about their business, constantly interacting with their environment.
 
What You Need to Know to Keep These Warriors Happy
These amazing ants require a bit more care than your average ant colony, but with the right setup, you’ll have a thriving and unique colony right in your own home.
 
Queen & Colony Info:
Age: Up to 15 years (estimated)
Polygyne: Typically 1 to 3 queens per nest
Queen Size: 9mm to 10mm
Colony Size: 500 to 1000 workers per queen
Worker Size: 4mm to 7mm
Fully Claustral: No food required while founding
 
Temperature & Humidity:
Nest: 22°C to 28°C | Outworld: 20°C to 30°C
Nest Humidity: 45% to 65% | Outworld: 30% to 60%
 
Diapause (Hibernation):
Yes, from October to March at 6°C to 10°C
 
Polymorphic:
Yes, with Minor Workers (4mm to 5.5mm) and Major Workers (6mm to 7mm)
 
Diet:
Sugars and proteins (insects) – a balanced diet is key!
Always keep a fresh water supply available to your colony.
 
Nest Type:
Natural nests are recommended, but acrylic, glass, or ytong setups are also viable.
 
Development:
From Egg to Adult Worker: 8 to 12 weeks.
 
A Few Important Tips to Keep Them Thriving
Ventilation: These ants use formic acid for defense, and a buildup of this acid can harm the colony. Make sure your setup has good ventilation and peaceful, dark conditions.
Conifer/Pine Resin: Offering organic (non-heat-treated) conifer resin is a great way to replicate their natural environment and encourage healthy colony behavior.
 
By keeping Formica rufibarbis, you’re not just adopting a new pet; you’re supporting a species that’s been a part of nature’s grand design for centuries. These incredible ants are more than just fascinating to observe—they’re also part of a larger conservation effort that could help keep them alive and thriving for generations to come. So, if you're ready to become part of this exciting and rewarding journey, the Red-barred Ant is waiting for you!